George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, KG, PC, FRS (10 January 1628 – 16 April 1687), was an English statesman and poet.

After the assassination of his father he was brought up in the family of Charles I.

On the outbreak of the Civil War he joined the Cavaliers. In 1648 he escaped to Scotland with Charles II and went into exile.

During the Commonwealth Buckingham returned secretly to the daughter of General Thomas Fairfax. At the Restoration he had his estates restored and joined the court of Charles II.

Buckingham was an influential figure in the government and won a long-drawn battle with the Earl of Clarendon. He also developed a reputation for debauchery and in 1667 killed in a duel the Earl of Shrewsbury, the husband of his mistress.

In 1674 Buckingham was dismissed from government for alleged Catholic sympathies. George Villiers, the 2nd Duke of Buckingham, died in 1687.

Buckingham wrote occasional verses and satires showing undoubted (but undeveloped) poetic gifts, a collection of which, containing however many pieces not from his pen, was first published by Tom Brown in 1704; while a few extracts from a commonplace book of Buckingham of some interest are given in an article in the Quarterly Review of January 1898.