Study of the 3 Acmiest poets: Gumilyov, Akmatova, and Mandelstam.

Preface:
"Believing that one cannot understand the present without knowing the past, I offer this study of Acmeism and of the three leading Acmeist poets, in order not only to fill an existing gap in our knowledge of pre-revolutionary Russian literature, but also as a means to the understanding of much of contemporary Soviet poetry.
Throughout this work my approach has been that of a literary historian rather than a literary critic. All translations of poetry, unless otherwise indicated are mine. I have used my own system of transliteration, but I hope that some day all transliterations will be abandoned (except for library use) and that references and quotations of Russian material will be printed in Cyrillic type.

Wikipedia:
Nikolay Stepanovich Gumilyov (Russian: Никола́й Степа́нович Гумилёв; IPA: [nʲɪkɐˈlaj sʲtʲɪˈpanəvʲɪtɕ ɡʊmʲɪˈlʲɵf] ( listen); April 15 NS 1886 – August 25, 1921) was an influential Russian poet, literary critic, traveler, and military officer. He was the cofounder of the Acmeist movement. Nikolay Gumilev was arrested and executed by the Cheka, the secret Soviet police force in 1921.
Anna Andreyevna Gorenko[Notes 1] (23 June [O.S. 11 June] 1889 – 5 March 1966), better known by the pen name Anna Akhmatova (/ɑːkˈmɑːtɔːvə/;[1] Russian: Анна Ахматова, IPA: [ɐxˈmatəvə]), was a Russian modernist poet, one of the most acclaimed writers in the Russian canon.[2]
Osip Emilyevich Mandelstam[1] (Russian: О́сип Эми́льевич Мандельшта́м; IPA: [ˈosʲɪp ɪˈmʲilʲjɪvʲɪtɕ məndʲɪlʲˈʂtam]; 15 January [O.S. 3 January] 1891 – 27 December 1938) was a Russian poet and essayist who lived in Russia during and after its revolution and the rise of the Soviet Union. He was the husband of Nadezhda Mandelstam and one of the foremost members of the Acmeist school of poets. He was arrested by Joseph Stalin's government during the repression of the 1930s and sent into internal exile with his wife Nadezhda. Given a reprieve of sorts, they moved to Voronezh in southwestern Russia. In 1938 Mandelstam was arrested again and sentenced to a camp in Siberia. He died that year at a transit camp.

Acmeism, or the Guild of Poets, was a transient poetic school, which emerged in 1910 in Russia under the leadership of Nikolay Gumilev and Sergei Gorodetsky. Their ideals were compactness of form and clarity of expression.[1] The term was coined after the Greek word akme, i.e., "the best age of man".